To find a village, you can look for some particular areas in minecraft. Villages can be in plains biomes, desert biomes, taiga biomes, savannah biomes and in snowy biomes as well. These are the five biome types where villages can be generated.
Plains Biomes
Desert Biomes
Taiga Biomes
Savanna Biomes
Snowy Biomes
Village in Desert Biome
Village in Snowy Biome
Village in Taiga Biome
Remember that villages doesn’t generate in the jungle biomes, mushroom islands, mesa biomes and swamp biomes.
Jungle Biomes
Mushroom Islands
Mesa Biomes
Swamp Biomes
If you cannot find a village anywhere, it might be because you have turned the generated structures off when you created the world. Turn it on by clicking the more world options tab to create a new world and to see the villages in it.