Finding an artic/glacial planet is not the most challenging thing like other planet types. This guide will tell you how to find it.
All you have to do is hop from system to system until you find the planet type you are looking for.
Artic/glacial planets might also be called frozen, sub-zero, icebound, icy, hiemal, hyperborean, freezing, and frost-bound when you scan and look at them.